What is the assessment process for a patient with suspected cardiac arrest?

The assessment process for a patient with suspected cardiac arrest begins with checking responsiveness and assessing for a pulse. This step is critical because it helps determine the patient's condition and the need for immediate interventions. Checking responsiveness involves verbally and physically assessing whether the patient reacts to stimuli, which can indicate the level of consciousness. Simultaneously, assessing for a pulse allows responders to confirm circulation status.

If the patient is unresponsive and does not have a pulse, the protocol typically involves calling for emergency assistance and starting CPR immediately while also preparing to use an automated external defibrillator (AED) if available. On the other hand, options suggesting administering first aid and waiting for help, quickly moving the patient to a hospital, or only monitoring the vital signs do not adequately address the urgent nature of a cardiac arrest situation, where prompt recognition and response are vital for the patient's survival. The correct assessment process emphasizes the need for immediate and systematic evaluation to guide subsequent interventions effectively.